Jooga-sanan merkitys (yoga)

Sanskritin sanalla yoga (jooga) on melkoinen litarnia merkityksiä:

yoga m. (-gaḥ)

1 Junction, joining, union.

2 Combination, association, meeting, conflux.

3 Religious and abstract meditation.

4 Keeping the body in a fixed posture.

5 Devotion, spiritual worship of GOD, or union with the Supreme Being by means of abstract contemplation; this does not necessarily imply an abandonment of the world or relinquishment of the usual observances of religion, but it involves internal indifference to objects of pleasure and pain, and utter disregard of the consequences or fruit of ceremonial rites.

6 The particular practice of the preceding sort of devotion, or the exercise of that abstraction by which union with GOD is supposed to be obtained; [....]

7 The system of philosophy which treats of the union of the soul with BRAHMA or GOD; it is the same as the Pātañjali doctrine, and constitutes one of the six Darśanas or philosophical schools of the Hindus.

8 Magic, or the acquisition of supernatural powers by the mystical and magical worship of ŚIVA and DURGĀ especially.

9 Consequence, result, the main end or object of any thing or act.

10 Connexion of one thing with another, as of cause with effect, predicate with subject, quality with substance, &c.

11 Acquisition of something not possessed before, accession of property or wealth; in grammar this application is assigned to any unusual construction of words or compounds, unauthorised by rule, but sanctioned by the authority that employs them.

12 A rule, an aphorism.

13 Propriety, fitness.

14 Side, part, cause or argument to be maintained or defended.

15 Thing, substance.

16 Wealth.

17 A drug, a medicament, especially a compound of various ingredients.

18 Fraud, trick.

19 A logician.

20 A spy, an informer.

21 A violator of truth or confidence.

22 A conveyance, a carriage, a boat, &c.

23 A means, an expedient.

24 Armour.

25 Putting on armour.

26 Lucky conjuncture.

27 (In arithmetic,) Addition.

28 (In astronomy,) The leading or principal star of a lunar mansion.

29 The twenty-seventh part of 360 of a great circle measured on the plane of the ecliptic, and used in calculating the longitudes of the sun and moon; [....]

30 A period, or the time during which the sum of the motions of the sun and moon amount to one Nakṣatra, the mean duration of which is 23hs. 47' 44".

Etymologia: yuj, to join literally or figuratively, as with GOD, aff. ghañ.

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Suurimmalle osalle mm. suomalaisista se tarkoittanee lähinnä venytystyyppistä voimistelua, tai jotai.

MaharSi Patañjalin Yoga-suutra (jooga-aforismit) pläjäyksessä 'yoga' - joga on johdettu verbijuuresta yuj (juds) - viittaa kuitenkin ns. loppupeleissä Puhtaan, transsendenttisen (ajatuksettoman) tietoisuuden tilaan, (nirbiija-)samaadhiin, joka on ihmisen(kin) todellinen itse, aatmaa (atman), puruSa, draSTaa, turiiya, chaturtha*; yoga = yuj samaadhau, liittyä (samaistua?) samaadhiin.

  * rakkaalla lapsella on rutkasti nimiä